What is an accessible table?
An accessible table is a table that is structured and formatted so that all users, including those using screen readers, can understand the data and relationships between cells. Accessible tables allow screen readers to identify rows, columns, and headers so users can understand what each cell represents. For example, which header corresponds to a given piece of data.
When to Use Tables
Tables should only be used for data, not for layout or visual arrangement. You can use a table to organize and present data that has a clear, logical relationship in rows and columns.
Here are some examples of when to use a table:
- Displaying numerical data: such as budgets, grades, survey results, or enrollment numbers.
- Comparing information: like program features, course options, or product specifications side by side.
- Showing schedules: for class meetings or office hours
Table Terminology
Before you begin making tables accessible, here's some key terminology.
- Table Header: A cell that labels a row or column in a table. Headers help users understand what type of information each row or column contains.
- Column Header: A header that describes the information in a vertical column.
- Row Header: A header that describes the information in a horizontal row.
- Data Cell: A regular table cell that contains information (text, numbers, or other data) rather than labels. Data cells are interpreted in relation to their corresponding row or column headers.
- Tagging: The process of labeling cells in a table so assistive technologies can recognize the type of information they contain, distinguishing between header cells and data cells.
- Table Caption: A brief description or title that appears above or below a table, explaining what the table is about. It helps all users quickly understand the purpose or content of the table before reading the data.
How to Make a Table Accessible
Determine if a Table is Best
Before creating a table, it’s important to determine whether or not a table should be used to display the information. Again, tables should never be used purely for layout or visual design purposes, as this can cause accessibility problems and make it more difficult for screen readers to interpret the content accurately.
Provide Context for the Table
It’s important to provide context about a table because a table alone doesn’t always clearly explain what the data represents or why it matters. Context can be provided through a descriptive table title or a brief explanation placed above or below the table.
Use Built-In Table Tools
Always create tables using the built-in table feature in your program (such as Word, Google Docs, Canvas, or website editor). For more information
Tag Row and Column Headers, and Data Cells
Most content editing tools will allow you to tag row and column headers, and identify data cells.
